On April 14, the world unites to observe World Chagas Disease Day 2024, shedding light on this often overlooked illness. With the theme Early diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up, efforts are focused on preventing congenital transmission and ensuring comprehensive care for those affected. Learn how PAHO/WHO’s initiatives are working towards eliminating this silent disease and the importance of raising public awareness and funding for its management.
It’s time to shed some light on an important but often overlooked topic – Chagas disease. World Chagas Disease Day is observed every year on April 14th to bring attention to this neglected illness.
What is Chagas Disease
Chagas disease, also known as American trypanosomiasis, is a tropical parasitic disease caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. It is primarily transmitted to humans and other mammals through the feces of infected blood-sucking insects called triatomine bugs or “kissing bugs”. These bugs typically bite humans around the face or lips, hence the nickname “kissing bugs”.
Chagas disease can also be transmitted through blood transfusions, organ transplantation, congenital transmission (from mother to child during pregnancy), and ingestion of contaminated food or drink.
The initial symptoms of Chagas disease can be mild or absent, but if left untreated, the infection can progress to a chronic stage, potentially causing severe cardiac and gastrointestinal complications. These complications can include heart rhythm abnormalities, heart failure, and enlargement of the esophagus or colon.
Chagas disease is endemic in many parts of Central and South America, where it is a significant public health concern. However, due to globalization and increased travel, cases have been reported in other regions as well. Treatment is more effective in the early stages of infection, but it can be challenging to diagnose and treat, particularly in the chronic phase.
Theme for World Chagas Disease Day 2024
This year, the theme for World Chagas Disease Day 2024 is “Early diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up.” And trust me, it’s crucial. Screening and treating girls and women of childbearing age is key to preventing the transmission of this disease to newborns.
The good news is Chagas disease is treatable, especially if caught early or in children. Even in the chronic phase, it can be managed. But here’s the catch – patients with chronic infection need lifelong monitoring to prevent organ damage.
Educational resources like videos on transmission, congenital transmission, and more are out there to help spread awareness. Organizations like PAHO are working hard to eliminate over 30 communicable diseases by 2030, including Chagas.
Now, here’s a startling fact – Chagas disease is most common in poor populations in Latin America, but it’s on the rise in other parts of the world too. What’s concerning is that many infected individuals show little to no symptoms, earning it the title of a “silent and silenced disease.”
It’s estimated that around 6-7 million people worldwide are living with Chagas disease, leading to approximately 12,000 deaths annually. So, let’s join hands this World Chagas Disease Day to boost public awareness and secure funds for early diagnosis and comprehensive care. Let’s make a difference together!
